Semester 1:
Review Packet
Ch.19 (World War I and Beyond) (1914-1920)
I. Terms to Know:
Militarism, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Kaiser William II,
Western Front, casualty, contraband, U-Boat, Lusitania, Zimmerman note, Gavrilo Princip, trench warfare, Woodrow
Wilson, Jeannette Rankin, Selective Service Act, Bernard Baruch, Committee on
Public Information (CPI), George Creel, conscientious objector, Espionage Act,
Sedition Act, Great Migration, War Industries Board (WIB), National American
Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), Eugene V. Debs, Schenck v. United States
(1919), convoy, Vladimir Lenin, John J. Pershing, Fourteen Points,
self-determination, League of Nations, reparations, “irreconcilables”,
“reservationists”, Red Scare, Palmer Raids, Sacco & Vanzetti, Warren G.
Harding, creditor nation.
II. Questions to
Consider:
1. What were the
causes of WWI?
2. Why did the United
States enter the war?
3. What are some
examples of new technologies that were used during the war?
4. Why did both sides
embrace trench warfare as a strategy to win the war?
5. Why did President
Wilson fear that the war would set Americans against one another?
6. What German
actions led the United States to enter World War I?
7. How did the war
affect Americans at home?
8. How did the United
States ready its military, economy, and people for war?
9. What were some of
the reasons Americans did not support the war?
10. How did the war
provide new opportunities for women, African Americans, and Mexican Americans?
11. How did Americans
affect the end of World War I and its peace settlements?
12. How did the
decisions at the Paris Peace Conference violate the Fourteen Points?
13. What were the
arguments for and against joining the League of Nations?
14. What political,
economic, and social effects did World War I have on the United States?
15. How did the rise
of communism in the Soviet Union contribute to the Red Scare?
16. Why did the
United States become the leading economic power after World War I?
** What caused the United States to become
involved in World War I, and how did the United States change as a result of
its involvement?**
Ch.20 (The Twenties) (1919-1929)
I. Terms to Know:
Henry Ford, mass production, Model T, assembly line,
consumer revolution, installment buying, bull market, buying on margin, Andrew
Mellon, Herbert Hoover, Teapot Dome Scandal, “Ohio Gang”, Calvin Coolidge,
Washington Naval Disarmament Conference, Kellogg-Briand Pact, Dawes Plan,
modernism, fundamentalism, Scopes Trial, Clarence Darrow, quota system, Ku Klux
Klan, Prohibition, Eighteenth Amendment, Volstead Act, bootlegger, Al Capone,
Charlie Chaplin, Babe Ruth, Charles Lindbergh, flapper, F.Scott Fitzgerald,
Ernest Hemingway, Spirit of St. Louis, “Lost
Generation”, Marcus Garvey, Louis Armstrong, Harlem Renaissance, Langston
Hughes.
II. Questions to Consider:
1. How did the
booming economy of the 1920s lead to changes in American life?
2. How did Henry Ford
increase the production and sale of automobiles?
3. How did buying on
margin allow more people to invest in the stock market?
4. What impact did
the development of suburbs have on American society?
5. How did domestic
and foreign policy change direction under Harding and Coolidge?
6. What were the
causes and effects of the Teapot Dome Scandal?
7. How did the United
States support world peace efforts during the 1920s?
8. How did Americans
differ on major and cultural issues?
9. How did the Scopes
Trial illustrate the urban-rural split in the 1920s?
10. How did new laws
change U.S. immigration policy in the 1920s?
11. How did the goals
of the new Ku Klux Klan differ from those of the old Klan?
12. What were the
effects of the Eighteenth Amendment and the Volstead Act?
13. How did the new
mass culture reflect technological and social changes?
14. How did the new
mass media contribute to the popularity of heroes?
15. What political
gains did American women make during the 1920s?
16. How did African
Americans express a new sense of hope and pride?
**How did the United
States experience both economic growth and social change in the decade after
World War I?**
Ch.21 (The Great Depression) (1928-1932)
I. Terms to Know:
Speculation, Black Tuesday, business cycle, Great
Depression, Hawley-Smoot Tariff, Hooverville, tenant farmer, Dust Bowl, Okies,
repatriation, localism, Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), trickle-down
economics, Hoover Dam, Bonus Army, Douglas MacArthur,
II. Questions to Consider:
1. How did prosperity
of the 1920s give way to the Great Depression?
2. What economic
problems lurked beneath the general prosperity of the 1920s?
3. What happened on
October 29, 1929?
4. How did the stock
market crash contribute to the onset of the depression?
5. What effect did
the Hawley-Smoot Tariff have on the American economy?
6. What were the
primary causes of the Great Depression?
7. How did the Great
Depression affect the lives of urban and rural Americans?
8. How did the
depression take a toll on women, children, and minorities in America?
9. Why did Herbert
Hoover’s policies fail to solve the country’s economic crisis?
10. Why was Hoover
reluctant to have the federal government interfere with the economy?
11. What actions did
Hoover take to fight the effects of the depression?
12. Why did Hoover
order the removal of the Bonus Army from its camps?
**How did the Great
Depression happen, and how did Americans respond to it?**
Ch.22 (The New Deal) (1932-1941)
I. Terms to Know:
Franklin D. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt, New Deal, fireside
chat, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Tennessee Valley Authority
(TVA), Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), National Recovery Administration
(NRA), Public Works Administration (PWA), Charles Coughlin, Huey Long, Second
New Deal, Works Progress Administration (WPA), John Maynard Keynes, pump
priming, Social Security Act, Rural Electrification Administration (REA),
Wagner Act, collective bargaining, Fair Labor Standards Act, Congress of
Industrial Organizations (CIO), sit-down strike, court packing, Black Cabinet,
Indian New Deal, New Deal Coalition, welfare state, Frank Capra, War of the Worlds, Federal Art Project,
Dorothea Lange, John Steinbeck.
II. Questions to Consider:
1. How did the New
Deal attempt to address the problems of the depression?
2. What actions did
Roosevelt take in his first hundred days in office?
3. What were two
major criticisms of FDR’s New Deal economic policies?
4. What major issues
did the Second New Deal address?
5. Why did the onset
of the depression make it essential to have some form of Social Security?
6. How did the New
Deal affect trade unions?
7. What setbacks did Roosevelt face during his second term
as President?
8. How did the New
Deal change the social, economic, and political landscape of the United States
for future generations?
9. What impact did
the New Deal have on women?
10. How did the New
Deal affect African Americans?
11. In what ways did
the New Deal alter the U.S. policies toward Native Americans?
12. How did the New
Deal affect ethnic and social divisions?
13. In what ways did
the role of the federal government grow during FDR’s presidency?
14. How did the men
and women of the depression find relief from their hardships in the popular
culture?
15. What were some of
the most important popular cultural trends of the 1930s?
16. In what ways did
the New Deal support American arts?
**How did the New
Deal respond to the ravages of the depression and change the role of the
federal government?**
Ch.23 (The Coming of War) (1931-1942)
I. Terms to Know:
Totalitarianism, Joseph Stalin, Benito Mussolini, Adolf
Hitler, anti-Semitic, Spanish Civil War, appeasement, Anschluss, Munich Pact,
blitzkrieg, Axis Powers, Allies, Winston Churchill, Neutrality Act of 1939,
Tripartite Pact, Lend-Lease Act, Atlantic Charter, Hideki Tojo, Pearl Harbor,
Women’s Army Corps (WAC), Bataan Death March, Battle of Coral Sea.
II. Questions to Consider:
1. Why did
totalitarian states rise after World War I, and what did they do?
2. What legacy did
WWI leave behind?
3. How did Stalin and
Mussolini maintain their power?
4. How did the Great
Depression affect political life in Germany and Japan?
5. Why did the League
of Nations fail to halt German and Italian aggression?
6. Why did Britain,
France, and the United States not stop fascist aggression in the 1930s?
7. How did Americans
react to events in Europe and Asia in the early years of World War II?
8. How did President
Roosevelt react to Japan’s aggression in China in the late 1930s?
9. According to
interventionists, how would aiding the Allies actually keep the United States
out of the war?
10. How did the
United States support the Allies after Roosevelt’s reelection?
11. How did the
United States react to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
12. What did the
Japanese military leaders hope to achieve by attacking Pearl Harbor? Were they successful in this goal?
13. What were the
first actions taken by the United States once war was declared?
14. What military
advantages did the United States have over Japan?
15. What was the
Doolittle Raid? What affect did it have
on American morale?
**What events caused
World War II, and how did the United States become involved?**
Ch.24 (World War II) (1941-1945)
I. Terms to Know:
Dwight Eisenhower, George S. Patton, Jr., unconditional
surrender, saturation bombing, strategic bombing, Tuskegee Airmen, Chester
Nimitz, Battle of Midway, A. Phillip Randolph, Executive Order 8802, bracero
program, internment, Korematsu v. United
States, 442nd Regimental Combat Team, rationing, Office of War
Information (OWI), D-Day, Battle of the Bulge, Harry S. Truman, island hopping,
kamikaze, Albert Einstein, Manhattan Project, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Holocaust,
Nuremberg Laws, Kristallnacht, genocide, concentration camp, death camp, War
Refugee Board, Yalta Conference, superpower, General Agreement on Tariffs and
Trade (GATT), United Nations (UN), Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
Geneva Convention, Nuremberg Trials.
II. Questions to Consider:
1. How did the Allies
turn the tide against the Axis?
2. Why was the Battle
of Stalingrad a turning point in World War II?
3. What were the
goals of British and American bombing runs over Germany?
4. What impact did
the Battle of Midway have on Japanese expansion in the Pacific?
5. How did the war
change American at home?
6. How did the war
create new opportunities for African Americans?
7. How did the war
affect the location of industries and workers in the United States?
8. Why were Japanese
Americans interned during World War II?
Your opinion?
9. How did the
federal government control resources needed for the war effort?
10. Can government
limit a group’s liberties during wartime?
11. How did the
Allies defeat the Axis Powers?
12. On what issues
did Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill disagree?
13. What was the
primary objective of the D-Day invasion at Normandy?
14. What were the
results of the Battle of the Bulge?
15. Why was the
island-hopping campaign in the Pacific so deadly to both sides?
16. What were the consequences of the decision to bomb
Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Your opinion?
17. How did the
Holocaust develop and what were its results?
18. How did Hitler
enforce anti-Semitism as chancellor of Germany?
19. What actions did
the Nazis take to carry out Hitler’s “Final Solution”?
20. How did the U.S.
government respond to the German campaign against European Jews?
21. What were the
major immediate and long-term effects of World War II?
22. What goals did
the Allies set for Eastern Europe at the Yalta Conference?
23. What impact did
World War II have on the relative roles of the United States and Britain in the
world?
24. What steps did
the United States take to increase its role in the postwar world?
25. How did World War
II foster support for civil right?
** What impact did
World War II have on America and the world?**
Chapter 25 (The Cold War)
I. Terms To Know:
Satellite state, iron
curtain, Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Berlin airlift, NATO,
Jiang Jieshi, Mao Zedong, 38th Parallel, limited
war, SEATO, arms race, mutually assured destruction, massive retaliation,
brinkmanship, Eisenhower Doctrine, HUAC, blacklist, Alger Hiss, The Rosenbergs,
McCarthyism
II. Questions To Consider:
1. How did the goals of U.S. and Soviet foreign policy differ after
World War 2?
2. What events caused President
Truman to propose what became known as the Truman Doctrine?
3. How did the U.S. leaders
respond to the threat of communism and the Soviet Union?
4. How did U.S. foreign policy
differ after World War 2 compared to after World War 1?
5. How did President Truman
respond to the North Korean invasion of South Korea?
6. How did President Truman use
the power of the Presidency to limit the spread of communism in East Asia?
7. How was Eisenhower’s approach
to foreign affairs different from that of Truman?
8. What steps did Truman and
Congress take to investigate communist influence in the United States?